William carter



(No Model.)

W. CARTER.

UMBRELLA AND PARASOL'.

Patentd July 19,1881.

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N PETERS. Plwmlm PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM CARTER, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

UMBRELLA AND PARASOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed May 7, 1881.

Patent No. 244,545, dated July 19, 1881.

(No model.) Patented in England April 4, 1879, in France October 4,1879, and in Belgium October '7, 1879,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM CARTER, of London, England, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols, (for which I haveobtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 1,316, bearing date April 4, 1879, a patent in France, No. 133,011, hearing date October 4, 1879, and apatentin Belgium, No. 49,487,bearing date October 7, 1879,) of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates to improvements in umbrellas and parasols, and isdesigned to pro- .vide better means than any heretofore in use forsecuring the upper end or tip of the ribs to thefixed ring or top notch,and for securing the lower end or tip of the stretchers to the slidingpiece or runner.

It also relates to forming the lower end or tip of such ribs as are madewith a groove running lengthwise, as in the so-called well-known paragon-frames, with a flattened portion, whereby such ribs will lie closer tothe stick when the umbrella or parasol is closed than heretofore.

The said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigurel represents a portion of an umbrellastiok and the top notch andrunner, and shows my improved ribs and stretchers applied thereto. Fig.2 is an interior view of the upper end of a rib constructed according tomy invention; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the top notch,showing my improved ribs attached thereto. Fig. 4 is a side view ofportions of a stretcher constructed according to my invention, and Fig.5 is an interior view of the same. Fig.6 shows the method of securingthe stretchers to the runner. Fig. 7 is a side view, and Fig. Sis aninterior view, of the lower or outer end of an umbrella-rib constructedaccording to my invention. Figs. 2 to 8 are drawn to an enlarged scale.

Like letters indicate the same parts through out the drawings.

a represents the stick of the umbrella, l) the top notch, and c therunner. d d are the ribs, and e e are the stretchers, for the same.

In carrying my invention into practice, instead of forming the said ribsand stretchers with thin, flat, and elongated ends, to be attached tothe top notch and runner, I make the said ends or eyes of a round orcurved form, as shown at d e, and of a comparatively great width orthicknessthat is to say, considerably thicker than these parts haveheretofore been made. This form is obtained by turning over a portion ofthe metal of which the rib or stretcher is constructed, an aperturebeing left for the passage of the ordinary wire for securin g the tip tothe top notch or runner. These eyes or ends d ore are preferably formedof the same or nearly the same width or thickness as the ribs orstretchers, and fit into apertures b c, of corresponding width, providedin the top notch, 72, and the runner c. The said top notch and runnerare somewhat similar to those heretofore constructed, but are smaller indiameter, the apertures therein are wider, and the projections aredeeper than those in the top notches and runners heretofore employed.The tips or ends d and c are secured to the said top notch and runner bypassing a wire, f, through the aforesaid tips or ends in the ordinarymanner.

I prefer to form the runner with a curved flange or ring, 0 upon whoseupper edge the ends 0 of the stretchers rest when secured in position,as shown in Fig. 6.

It will be seen that by forming the tips or ends d and e as abovedescribed, and by constructing the ribs or projections b and c on thetop notch and runner deeper than heretofore, I insure a largerbearing-surface for the ribs and stretchers than is possible with theflat thin heads heretofore employed, and the ribs and stretcherstherefore open and close in a direct manner without any liability to become crossed, twisted, or obstructed. Moreover, by forming the top notchand runner of small diameter, as above described, I obtain the furtherimportant advantage of causing the ribs and stretchers to lie closer tothe stick when the umbrella is closed than heretofore.

Each rib d and each stretcher e is formed of 9 5 of the said ribs andstretchers, as shown at (l 0*, thereby providing a greater thickness ofmetal at those parts.

Instead of forming the lower end or tip of the ribs with the usualprojecting knobs, I form the same with a knob, (1 which is cutaway orflattened upon the inner side, as shown at d in Figs. 7 and 8, so thatthe rib will lie closer to the stick when the umbrella is closed thanheretofore.

Heretofore umbrella ribs and stretchers have been formed with broadenedfiat-eyed ends fitting broad notches in the crown-piece and runner, andconfined in place by wires, but such is not broadly claimed by me.

What I claim is 1. The longitudinally-flanged umbrellarib hereindescribed, having an eyed end formed of the same width as the rib, andthe ends of the side flanges of the rib turned or folded inward towardeach other beneath the broadened eyed end, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

2. A longitudinally-flanged stretcher for the ribs of umbrellas, havingan eyed end formed of the. same width as the stretcher, and the endportions of the flange of the stretcher turned or folded inward towardeach other beneath the eyed end, substantially as described.

